Parent categories	3. Information processing 3.4. Regulation of gene expression
Neighbouring categories	3.4.1. Sigma factors and their control 3.4.2. Transcription factors and their control 3.4.3. Trigger enzymes 3.4.4. RNA binding regulators 3.4.5. Regulators of core metabolism 3.4.6. Transition state regulators 3.4.7. Phosphorelay 3.4.8. Quorum sensing 3.4.9. Other regulators
Related categories	Transcription Regulons Trigger enzymes Two-component systems
Overview on the categories (Excel file) All genes and their categories (Excel file)

Transcription factors control gene expression by regulating transcription initiation or transcription elongation. Transcription initiation is regulated by DNA-binding proteins, whereas transcription elongation can be controlled by DNA-binding proteins ("transcriptional roadblocks") or RNA-binding proteins (transcription termination/ antitermination).

Transcription factors can be grouped according to their mode of interaction with nucleic acids (DNA-or RNA-binding proteins) and also according to the mechanism by which they perceive the signal.

DNA-binding transcription factors

RNA-binding transcription factors

Transcription factors according to signal perception

Reviews on transcription regulation

Semen A Leyn, Marat D Kazanov, Natalia V Sernova, Ekaterina O Ermakova, Pavel S Novichkov, Dmitry A Rodionov
Genomic reconstruction of the transcriptional regulatory network in Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 2013, 195(11);2463-73
[PubMed:23504016] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Julio A Freyre-González, Luis G Treviño-Quintanilla, Ilse A Valtierra-Gutiérrez, Rosa María Gutiérrez-Ríos, José A Alonso-Pavón
Prokaryotic regulatory systems biology: Common principles governing the functional architectures of Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli unveiled by the natural decomposition approach.
J Biotechnol: 2012, 161(3);278-86
[PubMed:22728391] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Lakshminarayan M Iyer, L Aravind
Insights from the architecture of the bacterial transcription apparatus.
J Struct Biol: 2012, 179(3);299-319
[PubMed:22210308] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Sacha A F T van Hijum, Marnix H Medema, Oscar P Kuipers
Mechanisms and evolution of control logic in prokaryotic transcriptional regulation.
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev: 2009, 73(3);481-509, Table of Contents
[PubMed:19721087] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Sarath Chandra Janga, Ernesto Pérez-Rueda
Plasticity of transcriptional machinery in bacteria is increased by the repertoire of regulatory families.
Comput Biol Chem: 2009, 33(4);261-8
[PubMed:19632156] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

P J Lewis, G P Doherty, J Clarke
Transcription factor dynamics.
Microbiology (Reading): 2008, 154(Pt 7);1837-1844
[PubMed:18599813] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Samadhi Moreno-Campuzano, Sarath Chandra Janga, Ernesto Pérez-Rueda
Identification and analysis of DNA-binding transcription factors in Bacillus subtilis and other Firmicutes--a genomic approach.
BMC Genomics: 2006, 7;147
[PubMed:16772031] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I e)