RNA switch

RNA switches are regulatory systems that rely on alternative mRNA structures.

RNA switches may be triggered by proteins, tRNAs (T-box), or metabolites (riboswitches)

List of Bacillus subtilis RNAswitches

• Protein-dependent RNA switches
  • L20 leader: in front of the infC-rpmI-rplT-ysdA operon: controlled by RplT binding
  • ptsG-ptsH-ptsI: controlled by GlcT
  • sacX-sacY, sacB: controlled by SacY
  • sacP-sacA: controlled by SacT
  • bglS, bglP-bglH-yxiE: controlled by BglP
  • glpD, glpF-glpK, glpT-glpQ: controlled by GlpP
  • pabA, trpE-trpD-trpC-trpF-trpB-trpA, trpP, ycbK: controlled by TRAP
  • hutH-hutU-hutI-hutG-hutM: controlled by HutP
  • pyrR-pyrP-pyrB-pyrC-pyrAA-pyrAB-pyrK-pyrD-pyrF-pyrE: controlled by PyrR

• T-box

• Riboswitches
  • A-box
  • FMN-box
  • G-box
  • Gly-box
  • L-box
  • M-box
  • preQ1 riboswitch
  • ribozyme: glmS
  • S-box
  • Thi-box

• Potential additional RNA switches
  • pyrG RNA switch: low levels of intracellular CTP induce reiterative addition of G residues at position +4 in the 5' end of the pyrG mRNA, which is encoded as pppGGGC. . . . The poly(G) sequences formed under these conditions act to prevent attenuation by base pairing with the C- and U-rich 5' strand of a downstream terminator stem-loop located in the pyrG leader. PubMed

The function of the following potential RNA structures is unknown. They were suggested to control the mentioned genes.

• • ydaO-yuaA switch: ydaO, ktrA
  • ykkC-yxkD switch: ykkC, yxkD
  • yybP-ykoY switch: yybP, ykoY
  • ylbH switch: ylbH
  • L10 leader: rplJ
  • L13 leader: rplM
  • L19 leader: rplS
  • L21_leader:in front of the rplU-ysxB-rpmA operon