Eno
-  Description: enolase, glycolytic/ gluconeogenic enzyme, universally conserved protein
| Gene name | eno | 
| Synonyms | |
| Essential | Yes (PubMed) | 
| Product | enolase | 
| Function | enzyme in glycolysis/ gluconeogenesis | 
| Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: eno | |
| Interactions involving this protein in SubtInteract: Eno | |
| Metabolic function and regulation of this protein in SubtiPathways: Central C-metabolism | |
| MW, pI | 46,4 kDa, 4.49 | 
| Gene length, protein length | 1290 bp, 430 amino acids | 
| Immediate neighbours | yvbK, pgm | 
| Sequences | Protein DNA DNA_with_flanks | 
| Genetic context    This image was kindly provided by SubtiList | |
| Expression at a glance   PubMed   | |
Contents
Categories containing this gene/protein
carbon core metabolism, essential genes, membrane proteins, phosphoproteins, universally conserved proteins
This gene is a member of the following regulons
The gene
Basic information
- Locus tag: BSU33900
Phenotypes of a mutant
- no growth on LB, requires glucose and malate
- essential according to Kobayashi et al. on LB PubMed
Database entries
- DBTBS entry: [1]
- SubtiList entry: [2]
Additional information
The protein
Basic information/ Evolution
- Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity: 2-phospho-D-glycerate = phosphoenolpyruvate + H2O (according to Swiss-Prot) 2-phospho-D-glycerate = phosphoenolpyruvate + H(2)O
- Protein family: enolase family (according to Swiss-Prot)
- Paralogous protein(s):
Extended information on the protein
- Kinetic information: reversible Michaelis-Menten PubMed
-  Domains: 
- substrate binding domain (366–369)
 
- Cofactor(s): Mg2+
-  Effectors of protein activity:
- Inhibited by EDTA PubMed
 
Database entries
- UniProt: P37869
- KEGG entry: [3]
- E.C. number: 4.2.1.11
Additional information
- Enolase is a moonlighting protein. PubMed
- There are indications that this enzyme is an octamer PubMed
- universally conserved protein
- extensive information on the structure and enzymatic properties of Eno can be found at Proteopedia
Expression and regulation
- Regulation:
- Additional information:
Biological materials
-  Mutant: 
- GP594 (eno::cat), available in Jörg Stülke's lab, PubMed
- GP599 (eno::erm), available in Jörg Stülke's lab, PubMed
- GP698 (eno-pgm::cat), available in Jörg Stülke's lab, PubMed
 
-  Expression vector: 
- pGP1426 (expression of eno in B. subtilis, in pBQ200), available in Jörg Stülke's lab
- pGP1500 (expression of pgm and eno in B. subtilis, in pBQ200), available in Jörg Stülke's lab
- pGP563 (N-terminal His-tag, in pWH844), available in Jörg Stülke's lab
- pGP1276 (N-terminal Strep-tag, purification from E. coli, in pGP172), available in Jörg Stülke's lab
- pGP93 (N-terminal Strep-tag, purification from B. subtilis, for SPINE, in pGP380), available in Jörg Stülke's lab
- GP1215 (chromosomal eno-Strep fusion, spc), purification from B. subtilis, for SPINE, available in Jörg Stülke's lab
 
-  lacZ fusion:
- see pgk
 
-  GFP fusion: 
- pHT315-yfp-eno, available in Mijakovic lab
 
- two-hybrid system: B. pertussis adenylate cyclase-based bacterial two hybrid system (BACTH), available in Jörg Stülke's lab
-  FLAG-tag construct: 
- GP1214 (spc, based on pGP1331), available in Jörg Stülke's lab
 
- Antibody: available in Jörg Stülke's lab
Labs working on this gene/protein
Jörg Stülke, University of Göttingen, Germany Homepage
Your additional remarks
References
Reviews
G H Reed, R R Poyner, T M Larsen, J E Wedekind, I Rayment  
Structural and mechanistic studies of enolase. 
Curr Opin Struct Biol: 1996, 6(6);736-43 
[PubMed:8994873]
  [WorldCat.org]
 [DOI]
 (P p)
Subcellular localization of enolase
Chun-Kai Yang, Hosam E Ewis, XiaoZhou Zhang, Chung-Dar Lu, Hae-Jin Hu, Yi Pan, Ahmed T Abdelal, Phang C Tai  
Nonclassical protein secretion by Bacillus subtilis in the stationary phase is not due to cell lysis. 
J Bacteriol: 2011, 193(20);5607-15 
[PubMed:21856851]
  [WorldCat.org]
 [DOI]
 (I p)
Carsten Jers, Malene Mejer Pedersen, Dafni Katerina Paspaliari, Wolfgang Schütz, Christina Johnsson, Boumediene Soufi, Boris Macek, Peter Ruhdal Jensen, Ivan Mijakovic  
Bacillus subtilis BY-kinase PtkA controls enzyme activity and localization of its protein substrates. 
Mol Microbiol: 2010, 77(2);287-99 
[PubMed:20497499]
  [WorldCat.org]
 [DOI]
 (I p)
Hannes Hahne, Susanne Wolff, Michael Hecker, Dörte Becher  
From complementarity to comprehensiveness--targeting the membrane proteome of growing Bacillus subtilis by divergent approaches. 
Proteomics: 2008, 8(19);4123-36 
[PubMed:18763711]
  [WorldCat.org]
 [DOI]
 (I p)
Jean-Christophe Meile, Ling Juan Wu, S Dusko Ehrlich, Jeff Errington, Philippe Noirot  
Systematic localisation of proteins fused to the green fluorescent protein in Bacillus subtilis: identification of new proteins at the DNA replication factory. 
Proteomics: 2006, 6(7);2135-46 
[PubMed:16479537]
  [WorldCat.org]
 [DOI]
 (P p)
Grégory Boël, Vianney Pichereau, Ivan Mijakovic, Alain Mazé, Sandrine Poncet, Sylvie Gillet, Jean-Christophe Giard, Axel Hartke, Yanick Auffray, Josef Deutscher  
Is 2-phosphoglycerate-dependent automodification of bacterial enolases implicated in their export? 
J Mol Biol: 2004, 337(2);485-96 
[PubMed:15003462]
  [WorldCat.org]
 [DOI]
 (P p)
Other original publications
Fabian M Commichau, Nico Pietack, Jörg Stülke  
Essential genes in Bacillus subtilis: a re-evaluation after ten years. 
Mol Biosyst: 2013, 9(6);1068-75 
[PubMed:23420519]
  [WorldCat.org]
 [DOI]
 (I p)
Joseph A Newman, Lorraine Hewitt, Cecilia Rodrigues, Alexandra S Solovyova, Colin R Harwood, Richard J Lewis  
Dissection of the network of interactions that links RNA processing with glycolysis in the Bacillus subtilis degradosome. 
J Mol Biol: 2012, 416(1);121-36 
[PubMed:22198292]
  [WorldCat.org]
 [DOI]
 (I p)
Martin Lehnik-Habrink, Joseph Newman, Fabian M Rothe, Alexandra S Solovyova, Cecilia Rodrigues, Christina Herzberg, Fabian M Commichau, Richard J Lewis, Jörg Stülke  
RNase Y in Bacillus subtilis: a Natively disordered protein that is the functional equivalent of RNase E from Escherichia coli. 
J Bacteriol: 2011, 193(19);5431-41 
[PubMed:21803996]
  [WorldCat.org]
 [DOI]
 (I p)
Martin Lehnik-Habrink, Henrike Pförtner, Leonie Rempeters, Nico Pietack, Christina Herzberg, Jörg Stülke  
The RNA degradosome in Bacillus subtilis: identification of CshA as the major RNA helicase in the multiprotein complex. 
Mol Microbiol: 2010, 77(4);958-71 
[PubMed:20572937]
  [WorldCat.org]
 [DOI]
 (I p)
Fabian M Commichau, Fabian M Rothe, Christina Herzberg, Eva Wagner, Daniel Hellwig, Martin Lehnik-Habrink, Elke Hammer, Uwe Völker, Jörg Stülke  
Novel activities of glycolytic enzymes in Bacillus subtilis: interactions with essential proteins involved in mRNA processing. 
Mol Cell Proteomics: 2009, 8(6);1350-60 
[PubMed:19193632]
  [WorldCat.org]
 [DOI]
 (I p)
Christine Eymann, Dörte Becher, Jörg Bernhardt, Katrin Gronau, Anja Klutzny, Michael Hecker  
Dynamics of protein phosphorylation on Ser/Thr/Tyr in Bacillus subtilis. 
Proteomics: 2007, 7(19);3509-26 
[PubMed:17726680]
  [WorldCat.org]
 [DOI]
 (P p)
Laurent Jannière, Danielle Canceill, Catherine Suski, Sophie Kanga, Bérengère Dalmais, Roxane Lestini, Anne-Françoise Monnier, Jérôme Chapuis, Alexander Bolotin, Marina Titok, Emmanuelle Le Chatelier, S Dusko Ehrlich  
Genetic evidence for a link between glycolysis and DNA replication. 
PLoS One: 2007, 2(5);e447 
[PubMed:17505547]
  [WorldCat.org]
 [DOI]
 (I e)
Boris Macek, Ivan Mijakovic, Jesper V Olsen, Florian Gnad, Chanchal Kumar, Peter R Jensen, Matthias Mann  
The serine/threonine/tyrosine phosphoproteome of the model bacterium Bacillus subtilis. 
Mol Cell Proteomics: 2007, 6(4);697-707 
[PubMed:17218307]
  [WorldCat.org]
 [DOI]
 (P p)
Stefanie Ehinger, Wolf-Dieter Schubert, Simone Bergmann, Sven Hammerschmidt, Dirk W Heinz  
Plasmin(ogen)-binding alpha-enolase from Streptococcus pneumoniae: crystal structure and evaluation of plasmin(ogen)-binding sites. 
J Mol Biol: 2004, 343(4);997-1005 
[PubMed:15476816]
  [WorldCat.org]
 [DOI]
 (P p)
Hans-Matti Blencke, Georg Homuth, Holger Ludwig, Ulrike Mäder, Michael Hecker, Jörg Stülke  
Transcriptional profiling of gene expression in response to glucose in Bacillus subtilis: regulation of the central metabolic pathways. 
Metab Eng: 2003, 5(2);133-49 
[PubMed:12850135]
  [WorldCat.org]
 [DOI]
 (P p)
H Ludwig, G Homuth, M Schmalisch, F M Dyka, M Hecker, J Stülke  
Transcription of glycolytic genes and operons in Bacillus subtilis: evidence for the presence of multiple levels of control of the gapA operon. 
Mol Microbiol: 2001, 41(2);409-22 
[PubMed:11489127]
  [WorldCat.org]
 [DOI]
 (P p)
C K Brown, P L Kuhlman, S Mattingly, K Slates, P J Calie, W W Farrar  
A model of the quaternary structure of enolases, based on structural and evolutionary analysis of the octameric enolase from Bacillus subtilis. 
J Protein Chem: 1998, 17(8);855-66 
[PubMed:9988532]
  [WorldCat.org]
 [DOI]
 (P p)
M A Leyva-Vazquez, P Setlow  
Cloning and nucleotide sequences of the genes encoding triose phosphate isomerase, phosphoglycerate mutase, and enolase from Bacillus subtilis. 
J Bacteriol: 1994, 176(13);3903-10 
[PubMed:8021172]
  [WorldCat.org]
 [DOI]
 (P p)
R P Singh, P Setlow  
Enolase from spores and cells of Bacillus megaterium: two-step purification of the enzyme and some of its properties. 
J Bacteriol: 1978, 134(1);353-5 
[PubMed:25885]
  [WorldCat.org]
 [DOI]
 (P p)

