GuaD

• Description: guanine deaminase, general stress protein, important for survival of ethanol stress
  
  

Gene name	guaD
Synonyms	gde, yknA
Essential	no
Product	guanine deaminase
Function	deamination of guanine to xanthine, purine salvage and interconversion
Metabolic function and regulation of this protein in SubtiPathways: Purine salvage, Purine catabolism, Nucleotides (regulation)
MW, pI	17 kDa, 4.999
Gene length, protein length	468 bp, 156 aa
Immediate neighbours	ohrB, metE
Get the DNA and protein sequences (Barbe et al., 2009)
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList

Categories containing this gene/protein

biosynthesis/ acquisition of nucleotides, general stress proteins (controlled by SigB)

This gene is a member of the following regulons

PucR regulon, SigB regulon

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU13170

Expression

Database entries

• DBTBS entry: [1]

• SubtiList entry: [2]

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity: Guanine + H₂O = xanthine + NH₃ (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Protein family: cytidine and deoxycytidylate deaminase family (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:

• Modification:

• Cofactor(s):

• Effectors of protein activity:

• Interactions:

• Localization:

Database entries

• Structure: 1WKQ

• UniProt: O34598

• KEGG entry: [3]

• E.C. number: 3.5.4.3

Expression and regulation

• Operon: guaD PubMed

• Sigma factor: SigA PubMed, SigB PubMed

• Regulation:
  • induced by stress (SigB) PubMed
  • induced in the presence of purine nucleotides (inducer: allantoin) (PucR) PubMed

• Regulatory mechanism:
  • PucR: transcription activation PubMed

• Additional information:

Biological materials

• Mutant:

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

References

Dirk Höper, Uwe Völker, Michael Hecker
Comprehensive characterization of the contribution of individual SigB-dependent general stress genes to stress resistance of Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 2005, 187(8);2810-26
[PubMed:15805528] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Shwu-Huey Liaw, Yu-Jui Chang, Cheng-Tsung Lai, Hui-Chuan Chang, Gu-Gang Chang
Crystal structure of Bacillus subtilis guanine deaminase: the first domain-swapped structure in the cytidine deaminase superfamily.
J Biol Chem: 2004, 279(34);35479-85
[PubMed:15180998] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Lars Beier, Per Nygaard, Hanne Jarmer, Hans H Saxild
Transcription analysis of the Bacillus subtilis PucR regulon and identification of a cis-acting sequence required for PucR-regulated expression of genes involved in purine catabolism.
J Bacteriol: 2002, 184(12);3232-41
[PubMed:12029039] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

A C Schultz, P Nygaard, H H Saxild
Functional analysis of 14 genes that constitute the purine catabolic pathway in Bacillus subtilis and evidence for a novel regulon controlled by the PucR transcription activator.
J Bacteriol: 2001, 183(11);3293-302
[PubMed:11344136] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Per Nygaard, Søren M Bested, Kasper A K Andersen, Hans H Saxild
Bacillus subtilis guanine deaminase is encoded by the yknA gene and is induced during growth with purines as the nitrogen source.
Microbiology (Reading): 2000, 146 Pt 12;3061-3069
[PubMed:11101664] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)