CtaA

• Description: heme A synthase
  
  

Gene name	ctaA
Synonyms
Essential	no
Product	heme A synthase
Function	heme biosynthesis
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: ctaA
MW, pI	33 kDa, 9.644
Gene length, protein length	918 bp, 306 aa
Immediate neighbours	pycA, ctaB
Sequences	Protein DNA DNA_with_flanks
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed

Categories containing this gene/protein

biosynthesis of cofactors, sporulation proteins, membrane proteins

This gene is a member of the following regulons

ResD regulon, SigE regulon

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU14870

Database entries

• BsubCyc: BSU14870

• DBTBS entry: [1]

• SubtiList entry: [2]

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity: heme A synthesis from protoheme IX (heme B)

• Protein family: COX15/ctaA family, Type 1 subfamily (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:
  • contains 8 transmembrane segments

• Modification:

• Cofactor(s): heme B

• Effectors of protein activity:

• Interactions:

• Localization:
  • cell membrane (according to Swiss-Prot)

Database entries

• BsubCyc: BSU14870

• Structure:

• UniProt: P12946

• KEGG entry: [3]

• E.C. number:

Expression and regulation

• Operon: ctaA PubMed

• Expression browser: ctaA PubMed

• Sigma factor: SigA PubMed, SigE PubMed

• Regulation:
  • expressed under anaerobic conditions (ResD) PubMed

• Regulatory mechanism:
  • ResD: transcription activation PubMed

• Additional information:

Biological materials

• Mutant:

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

References

Reviews

Lars Hederstedt
Heme A biosynthesis.
Biochim Biophys Acta: 2012, 1817(6);920-7
[PubMed:22484221] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Original publications

Tatsushi Mogi
Probing structure of heme A synthase from Bacillus subtilis by site-directed mutagenesis.
J Biochem: 2009, 145(5);625-33
[PubMed:19174544] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Anna Lewin, Lars Hederstedt
Promoted evolution of a shortened variant of heme A synthase in the membrane of Bacillus subtilis.
FEBS Lett: 2008, 582(9);1330-4
[PubMed:18358840] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Lars Hederstedt, Anna Lewin, Mimmi Throne-Holst
Heme A synthase enzyme functions dissected by mutagenesis of Bacillus subtilis CtaA.
J Bacteriol: 2005, 187(24);8361-9
[PubMed:16321940] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Matthew Schau, Amr Eldakak, F Marion Hulett
Terminal oxidases are essential to bypass the requirement for ResD for full Pho induction in Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 2004, 186(24);8424-32
[PubMed:15576792] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Brienne M Brown, Zhihong Wang, Kenneth R Brown, Julia A Cricco, Eric L Hegg
Heme O synthase and heme A synthase from Bacillus subtilis and Rhodobacter sphaeroides interact in Escherichia coli.
Biochemistry: 2004, 43(42);13541-8
[PubMed:15491161] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

S Paul, X Zhang, F M Hulett
Two ResD-controlled promoters regulate ctaA expression in Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 2001, 183(10);3237-46
[PubMed:11325953] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

X Zhang, F M Hulett
ResD signal transduction regulator of aerobic respiration in Bacillus subtilis: ctaA promoter regulation.
Mol Microbiol: 2000, 37(5);1208-19
[PubMed:10972837] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

B Svensson, K K Andersson, L Hederstedt
Low-spin heme A in the heme A biosynthetic protein CtaA from Bacillus subtilis.
Eur J Biochem: 1996, 238(1);287-95
[PubMed:8665949] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

B Svensson, L Hederstedt
Bacillus subtilis CtaA is a heme-containing membrane protein involved in heme A biosynthesis.
J Bacteriol: 1994, 176(21);6663-71
[PubMed:7961419] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

B Svensson, M Lübben, L Hederstedt
Bacillus subtilis CtaA and CtaB function in haem A biosynthesis.
Mol Microbiol: 1993, 10(1);193-201
[PubMed:7968515] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

J P Mueller, H W Taber
Structure and expression of the cytochrome aa3 regulatory gene ctaA of Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 1989, 171(9);4979-86
[PubMed:2549007] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)