RacX

• Description: amino acid racemase, production of D-amino acids, control of biofilm formation
  
  

Gene name	racX
Synonyms
Essential	no
Product	amino acid racemase
Function	control of biofilm formation
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: racX
MW, pI	25 kDa, 5.396
Gene length, protein length	681 bp, 227 aa
Immediate neighbours	yveF, pbpE
Sequences	Protein DNA DNA_with_flanks
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed

Categories containing this gene/protein

biofilm formation, cell envelope stress proteins (controlled by SigM, V, W, X, Y)

This gene is a member of the following regulons

SigW regulon

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU34430

Database entries

• DBTBS entry: [1]

• SubtiList entry: [2]

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity:

• Protein family: aspartate/glutamate racemases family (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:

• Modification:

• Cofactor(s):

• Effectors of protein activity:

• Interactions:

• Localization:

Database entries

• Structure:

• UniProt: P32960

• KEGG entry: [3]

• E.C. number:

Expression and regulation

• Operon: pbpE-racX PubMed

• Expression browser: racX PubMed

• Sigma factor: SigW PubMed

• Regulation:
  • repressed during logrithmic growth (AbrB) PubMed, indirect regulation by AbrB PubMed

• • induced by cell wall stress (SigW) PubMed

• Regulatory mechanism:

• Additional information:

Biological materials

• Mutant:

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

References

Onuma Chumsakul, Hiroki Takahashi, Taku Oshima, Takahiro Hishimoto, Shigehiko Kanaya, Naotake Ogasawara, Shu Ishikawa
Genome-wide binding profiles of the Bacillus subtilis transition state regulator AbrB and its homolog Abh reveals their interactive role in transcriptional regulation.
Nucleic Acids Res: 2011, 39(2);414-28
[PubMed:20817675] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Ilana Kolodkin-Gal, Diego Romero, Shugeng Cao, Jon Clardy, Roberto Kolter, Richard Losick
D-amino acids trigger biofilm disassembly.
Science: 2010, 328(5978);627-9
[PubMed:20431016] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

María Mercedes Palomino, Carmen Sanchez-Rivas, Sandra M Ruzal
High salt stress in Bacillus subtilis: involvement of PBP4* as a peptidoglycan hydrolase.
Res Microbiol: 2009, 160(2);117-24
[PubMed:19063962] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

X Huang, A Gaballa, M Cao, J D Helmann
Identification of target promoters for the Bacillus subtilis extracytoplasmic function sigma factor, sigma W.
Mol Microbiol: 1999, 31(1);361-71
[PubMed:9987136] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

M A Strauch
Delineation of AbrB-binding sites on the Bacillus subtilis spo0H, kinB, ftsAZ, and pbpE promoters and use of a derived homology to identify a previously unsuspected binding site in the bsuB1 methylase promote.
J Bacteriol: 1995, 177(23);6999-7002
[PubMed:7592498] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

D L Popham, P Setlow
Cloning, nucleotide sequence, and regulation of the Bacillus subtilis pbpE operon, which codes for penicillin-binding protein 4* and an apparent amino acid racemase.
J Bacteriol: 1993, 175(10);2917-25
[PubMed:8491712] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)