ThiO

• Description: FAD-dependent glycine oxidase
  
  

Gene name	thiO
Synonyms	goxB, yjbR
Essential	no
Product	glycine oxidase
Function	biosynthesis of thiamine
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: thiO
Metabolic function and regulation of this protein in SubtiPathways: thiO
MW, pI	40 kDa, 5.898
Gene length, protein length	1107 bp, 369 aa
Immediate neighbours	tenI, thiS
Sequences	Protein DNA DNA_with_flanks
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed

Categories containing this gene/protein

biosynthesis of cofactors

This gene is a member of the following regulons

Thi-box

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU11670

Database entries

• BsubCyc: BSU11670

• DBTBS entry: [1]

• SubtiList entry: [2]

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity: Glycine + H₂O + O₂ = glyoxylate + NH₃ + H₂O₂ (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Protein family: DAMOX/DASOX family (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:

• Modification: FAD PubMed

• Cofactor(s):

• Effectors of protein activity:

• Interactions: the FAD-containing holoenzyme is a homotetramer PubMed

• Localization: cytoplasm (according to Swiss-Prot)

Database entries

• BsubCyc: BSU11670

• Structure: 1NG3 (complex with acetyl-glycine), 1RYI

• UniProt: O31616

• KEGG entry: [3]

• E.C. number: 1.4.3.19

Expression and regulation

• Operon: tenA-tenI-thiO-thiS-thiG-thiF-thiD PubMed

• Expression browser: thiO PubMed

• Sigma factor:

• Regulation:
  • repressed by thiamine (Thi-box) PubMed

• Regulatory mechanism:
  • Thi-box: RNA switch PubMed

• Additional information:
  • number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium): 556 PubMed
  • number of protein molecules per cell (complex medium with amino acids, without glucose): 1224 PubMed
  • number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium, exponential phase): 1342 PubMed
  • number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium, early stationary phase after glucose exhaustion): 1721 PubMed
  • number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium, late stationary phase after glucose exhaustion): 593 PubMed

Biological materials

• Mutant:

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

References

Reviews

Christopher T Jurgenson, Tadhg P Begley, Steven E Ealick
The structural and biochemical foundations of thiamin biosynthesis.
Annu Rev Biochem: 2009, 78;569-603
[PubMed:19348578] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

T P Begley, D M Downs, S E Ealick, F W McLafferty, A P Van Loon, S Taylor, N Campobasso, H J Chiu, C Kinsland, J J Reddick, J Xi
Thiamin biosynthesis in prokaryotes.
Arch Microbiol: 1999, 171(5);293-300
[PubMed:10382260] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Original publications

Farrukh Jamil, Qurra-Tul-Ann Afza Gardner, Qamar Bashir, Naeem Rashid, Muhammad Akhtar
Mechanistic and stereochemical studies of glycine oxidase from Bacillus subtilis strain R5.
Biochemistry: 2010, 49(34);7377-83
[PubMed:20690620] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Mattia Pedotti, Elena Rosini, Gianluca Molla, Tommaso Moschetti, Carmelinda Savino, Beatrice Vallone, Loredano Pollegioni
Glyphosate resistance by engineering the flavoenzyme glycine oxidase.
J Biol Chem: 2009, 284(52);36415-36423
[PubMed:19864430] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Laura Caldinelli, Mattia Pedotti, Laura Motteran, Gianluca Molla, Loredano Pollegioni
FAD binding in glycine oxidase from Bacillus subtilis.
Biochimie: 2009, 91(11-12);1499-508
[PubMed:19751796] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Mattia Pedotti, Sandro Ghisla, Laura Motteran, Gianluca Molla, Loredano Pollegioni
Catalytic and redox properties of glycine oxidase from Bacillus subtilis.
Biochimie: 2009, 91(5);604-12
[PubMed:19254749] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Mario Mörtl, Kay Diederichs, Wolfram Welte, Gianluca Molla, Laura Motteran, Gabriella Andriolo, Mirella S Pilone, Loredano Pollegioni
Structure-function correlation in glycine oxidase from Bacillus subtilis.
J Biol Chem: 2004, 279(28);29718-27
[PubMed:15105420] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Joo-Heon Park, Pieter C Dorrestein, Huili Zhai, Cynthia Kinsland, Fred W McLafferty, Tadhg P Begley
Biosynthesis of the thiazole moiety of thiamin pyrophosphate (vitamin B1).
Biochemistry: 2003, 42(42);12430-8
[PubMed:14567704] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Gianluca Molla, Laura Motteran, Viviana Job, Mirella S Pilone, Loredano Pollegioni
Kinetic mechanisms of glycine oxidase from Bacillus subtilis.
Eur J Biochem: 2003, 270(7);1474-82
[PubMed:12654003] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Ethan C Settembre, Pieter C Dorrestein, Joo-Heon Park, Amy M Augustine, Tadhg P Begley, Steven E Ealick
Structural and mechanistic studies on ThiO, a glycine oxidase essential for thiamin biosynthesis in Bacillus subtilis.
Biochemistry: 2003, 42(10);2971-81
[PubMed:12627963] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Viviana Job, Giorgia Letizia Marcone, Mirella S Pilone, Loredano Pollegioni
Glycine oxidase from Bacillus subtilis. Characterization of a new flavoprotein.
J Biol Chem: 2002, 277(9);6985-93
[PubMed:11744710] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Y Nishiya, T Imanaka
Purification and characterization of a novel glycine oxidase from Bacillus subtilis.
FEBS Lett: 1998, 438(3);263-6
[PubMed:9827558] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)