Cofactors

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Contents

1 Copper
2 Nickel
3 Heme A
4 Thiamine pyrophosphate
- 4.1 E1 subunits of ketoacid dehydrogenases/ acetoin dehydrogenase
5 Lipoic acid
- 5.1 E2 subunits of ketoacid dehydrogenases/ acetoin dehydrogenase
- 5.2 H protein of the glycine cleavage system
6 pyridoxyl phosphate
7 tetrahydrofalate

Copper

CtaC (Cu(A))
CtaD (Cu(B))
QoxB (Cu(B))
Sco

Nickel

UreA-UreB-UreC (urease), the nickel ion binds the active site in UreC

Heme A

CtaD

Thiamine pyrophosphate

E1 subunits of ketoacid dehydrogenases/ acetoin dehydrogenase

PdhA

Lipoic acid

E2 subunits of ketoacid dehydrogenases/ acetoin dehydrogenase

H protein of the glycine cleavage system

GcvH (also required for LipL-catalyzed octanoyl transfer from AcpA to the E2s)

pyridoxyl phosphate

GcvP

tetrahydrofalate

GcvT

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