MalS

• Description: malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), forms a transhydrogenation cycle with YtsJ for balancing of NADPH
  
  

Gene name	malS
Synonyms
Essential	no
Product	malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating)
Function	malate utilization
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: malS
Metabolic function and regulation of this protein in SubtiPathways: Central C-metabolism
MW, pI	61 kDa, 4.895
Gene length, protein length	1698 bp, 566 aa
Immediate neighbours	ytzB, ytnP
Sequences	Protein DNA Advanced_DNA
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed

Categories containing this gene/protein

utilization of specific carbon sources

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU29880

Database entries

• DBTBS entry: [1]

• SubtiList entry: [2]

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity: (S)-malate + NAD⁺ = pyruvate + CO₂ + NADH (according to Swiss-Prot) malate --> pyruvate

• Protein family: malic enzymes family (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Paralogous protein(s): MaeA YtsJ MleA

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:

• Modification:

• Cofactor(s):

• Effectors of protein activity:

• Interactions:

• Localization:

Database entries

• Structure:

• UniProt: O34389

• KEGG entry: [3]

• E.C. number: 1.1.1.38

Expression and regulation

• Operon: malS PubMed

• Expression browser: malS PubMed

• Sigma factor:

• Regulation:

• Regulatory mechanism:

• Additional information:

Biological materials

• Mutant: GP1142 (spc) available in Stülke lab

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

References

Additional publications: PubMed

Frederik M Meyer, Jörg Stülke
Malate metabolism in Bacillus subtilis: distinct roles for three classes of malate-oxidizing enzymes.
FEMS Microbiol Lett: 2013, 339(1);17-22
[PubMed:23136871] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Guillaume Lerondel, Thierry Doan, Nicola Zamboni, Uwe Sauer, Stéphane Aymerich
YtsJ has the major physiological role of the four paralogous malic enzyme isoforms in Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 2006, 188(13);4727-36
[PubMed:16788182] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Thierry Doan, Pascale Servant, Shigeo Tojo, Hirotake Yamaguchi, Guillaume Lerondel, Ken-Ichi Yoshida, Yasutaro Fujita, Stéphane Aymerich
The Bacillus subtilis ywkA gene encodes a malic enzyme and its transcription is activated by the YufL/YufM two-component system in response to malate.
Microbiology (Reading): 2003, 149(Pt 9);2331-2343
[PubMed:12949160] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Alia Lapidus, Nathalie Galleron, Alexei Sorokin, S Dusko Ehrlich
Sequencing and functional annotation of the Bacillus subtilis genes in the 200 kb rrnB-dnaB region.
Microbiology (Reading): 1997, 143 ( Pt 11);3431-3441
[PubMed:9387221] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)