KinD

• Description: osmo-sensing two-component sensor kinase, phosphorylates Spo0F, part of the phosphorelay, checkpoint protein that links sporulation initiation to biofilm formation
  
  

Gene name	kinD
Synonyms	ykvD
Essential	no
Product	two-component sensor kinase
Function	initiation of sporulation
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: kinD
Interactions involving this protein in SubtInteract: KinD
Function and regulation of this protein in SubtiPathways: Phosphorelay
MW, pI	56 kDa, 6.745
Gene length, protein length	1518 bp, 506 aa
Immediate neighbours	eag, mhqR
Sequences	Protein DNA DNA_with_flanks
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed

Categories containing this gene/protein

protein modification, transcription factors and their control, phosphorelay, biofilm formation, membrane proteins, phosphoproteins

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU13660

Phenotypes of a mutant

• deletion of kinD suppresses the sporulation defect of matrix mutants, while its overproduction delays sporulation PubMed
• inactivation of kinD restores beta-lactam resistance in a sigM mutant PubMed

Database entries

• DBTBS entry: no entry

• SubtiList entry: [1]

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity:
  • autophosphorylation, phosphorylation of Spo0F, regulates the onset of sporulation by inhibiting the activity of Spo0A until matrix, or a component therein, is sensed PubMed
  • dual role as a phosphatase or a kinase, activity is linked to the presence of extracellular matrix in the biofilms PubMed
  • mainly active in the younger, outer regions of a colony (with KinC) PubMed

• Protein family:

• Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:
  • two transmembrane segments, between them the extracellular pyruvate-binding sensing domain that consists of tandem PAS-like domains PubMed
  • C-terminal histidine phosphotransferase domain
  • see PubMed for a scheme of the domain organization

• Modification: autophosphorylation on a His residue

• Cofactor(s):

• Effectors of protein activity:
  • activity is stimulated by direct or indirect interaction with Med PubMed
  • L-malate seems to trigger KinD activity PubMed, but this effect may be indirect due to the excretion of pyruvate that directly binds the extracytoplasmic sensing domain of KinD PubMed
  • kinase activity is triggered and phosphatase activity is decreased by increased osmotic pressure PubMed
  • activity is triggered in the presence of glycerol + manganese PubMed

• Interactions:
  • KinD-Spo0F

• Localization: membrane

Database entries

• Structure: 4DBJ (extracytoplasmic sensing domain) PubMed

• UniProt: O31671

• KEGG entry: [2]

• E.C. number:

Expression and regulation

• Operon:

• Expression browser: kinD PubMed

• Sigma factor:

• Regulation:

• Regulatory mechanism:

• Additional information:

Biological materials

• Mutant:

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody: