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| − | * '''Description:''' Carbon catabolite control protein A, involved in glucose regulation of many genes; represses catabolic genes and activates genes involved in excretion of excess carbon <br/><br/> | + | * '''Description:''' UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase <br/><br/> |
| | | | |
| | {| align="right" border="1" cellpadding="2" | | {| align="right" border="1" cellpadding="2" |
| | |- | | |- |
| | |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"|'''Gene name''' | | |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"|'''Gene name''' |
| − | |''ccpA'' | + | |''murAA'' |
| | |- | | |- |
| − | |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Synonyms''' || ''graR, alsA, amyR'' | + | |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Synonyms''' || ''murA '' |
| | |- | | |- |
| − | |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Essential''' || no | + | |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Essential''' || yes [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12682299 PubMed] |
| | |- | | |- |
| − | |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Product''' || transcriptional regulator | + | |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Product''' || UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase |
| | |- | | |- |
| − | |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"|'''Function''' || mediates carbon catabolite repression (CCR) | + | |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"|'''Function''' || peptidoglycan (cell wall) biosynthesis |
| | |- | | |- |
| − | |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''MW, pI''' || 36,8 kDa, 5.06 | + | |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''MW, pI''' || 46 kDa, 5.45 |
| | |- | | |- |
| − | |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Gene length, protein length''' Gene || 1002 bp, 334 amino acids | + | |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Gene length, protein length''' Gene || 1308 bp, 436 aa |
| | |- | | |- |
| − | |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"|'''Immediate neighbours''' || ''[[aroA]]'', ''[[motP]]'' | + | |style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"|'''Immediate neighbours''' || ''[[spoIID]]'', ''[[ywmB]]'' |
| | |- | | |- |
| − | |style="background:#FAF8CC;" align="center"|'''[http://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/ccpA_nucleotide.txt Gene sequence (+200bp) ]''' | + | |style="background:#FAF8CC;" align="center"|'''[http://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/murAA_nucleotide.txt Gene sequence (+200bp) ]''' |
| − | |style="background:#FAF8CC;" align="center"|'''[http://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/ccpA_protein.txt Protein sequence]''' | + | |style="background:#FAF8CC;" align="center"|'''[http://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/murAA_protein.txt Protein sequence]''' |
| | |- | | |- |
| − | |colspan="2" | '''Genetic context''' <br/> [[Image:ccpA_context.gif]] | + | |colspan="2" | '''Genetic context''' <br/> [[Image:murAA_context.gif]] |
| | |- | | |- |
| | |} | | |} |
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| | | | |
| | <br/><br/> | | <br/><br/> |
| − |
| |
| | | | |
| | =The gene= | | =The gene= |
| Line 36: |
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| | === Basic information === | | === Basic information === |
| | | | |
| − | * '''Coordinates:''' 3043210 - 3044211 | + | * '''Coordinates:''' |
| | | | |
| | ===Phenotypes of a mutant === | | ===Phenotypes of a mutant === |
| | | | |
| − | Loss of carbon catabolite repression.
| + | essential [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12682299 PubMed] |
| − | Loss of PTS-dependent sugar transport due to excessive phosphorylation of [[PtsH |HPr]] by [[HprK]].
| |
| − | The mutant is unable to grow on a minimal medium with glucose and ammonium as the only sources of carbon and nitrogen, respectively.
| |
| | | | |
| | === Database entries === | | === Database entries === |
| | | | |
| − | * '''DBTBS entry:''' [http://dbtbs.hgc.jp/COG/prom/ccpA-motPS.html] | + | * '''DBTBS entry:''' [http://dbtbs.hgc.jp/COG/prom/murAA.html] |
| | | | |
| − | * '''SubtiList entry:''' [http://genolist.pasteur.fr/SubtiList/genome.cgi?gene_detail+BG10376] | + | * '''SubtiList entry:''' [http://genolist.pasteur.fr/SubtiList/genome.cgi?gene_detail+BG11955] |
| | | | |
| | === Additional information=== | | === Additional information=== |
| | + | |
| | | | |
| | =The protein= | | =The protein= |
| Line 56: |
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| | === Basic information/ Evolution === | | === Basic information/ Evolution === |
| | | | |
| − | * '''Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity:''' transcriptional regulator of carbon catabolite repression (CCR) | + | * '''Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity:''' |
| | | | |
| − | * '''Protein family:''' LacI family | + | * '''Protein family:''' |
| | | | |
| | * '''Paralogous protein(s):''' | | * '''Paralogous protein(s):''' |
| − |
| |
| − | === Genes controlled by CcpA ===
| |
| − |
| |
| − | * '''Activation by CcpA:''' ''[[pta]]'', ''[[ackA]]'', ''[[ilvB]]-[[ilvH]]-[[ilvC]]-[[leuA]]-[[leuB]]-[[leuC]]-[[leuD]]''
| |
| − |
| |
| − | * '''Repression by CcpA:''' ''[[abbA]], [[amyE]]'', ''[[bglP]]-[[bglH]]'', ''[[bglS]]'', ''[[cccA]]'', ''[[citZ]]-[[icd]]-[[mdh]]'', ''[[levD]]-[[levE]]-[[levF]]-[[levG]]-[[sacC]]'', ''[[licB]]-[[licC]]-[[licA]]-[[licH]]'', ''[[phoP]]-[[phoR]]'', ''[[xylA]]-[[xylB]]'', ''[[xynP]]-[[xynB]]''
| |
| | | | |
| | === Extended information on the protein === | | === Extended information on the protein === |
| Line 73: |
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| | | | |
| | * '''Domains:''' | | * '''Domains:''' |
| − | ** HTH lacI-type Domain (1 – 58)
| |
| − | ** DNA binding Domain (6 – 25)
| |
| | | | |
| | * '''Modification:''' | | * '''Modification:''' |
| | | | |
| − | * '''Cofactor(s):''' [[PtsH |HPr]]-Ser46-P, Crh-Ser-46-P | + | * '''Cofactor(s):''' |
| | | | |
| − | * '''Effectors of protein activity:'''glucose-6-phosphate, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17376479?ordinalpos=1&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DefaultReportPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum Pubmed] | + | * '''Effectors of protein activity:''' |
| | | | |
| − | * '''Interactions:''' CcpA-[[PtsH |HPr]] [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15369672?ordinalpos=3&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DefaultReportPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum PubMed], CcpA-[[Crh]] [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16316990?ordinalpos=2&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DefaultReportPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum PubMed] | + | * '''Interactions:''' |
| | | | |
| | * '''Localization:''' | | * '''Localization:''' |
| Line 88: |
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| | === Database entries === | | === Database entries === |
| | | | |
| − | * '''Structure:''' CcpA-Crh-DNA-complex [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/mmdb/mmdbsrv.cgi?Dopt=s&uid=52326 NCBI], complex with P-Ser-[[PtsH |HPr]] and sulphate ions [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/mmdb/mmdbsrv.cgi?Dopt=s&uid=39857 NCBI] | + | * '''Structure:''' |
| | | | |
| − | * '''Swiss prot entry:''' [http://www.expasy.ch/cgi-bin/sprot-search-ac?P25144] | + | * '''Swiss prot entry:''' |
| | | | |
| − | * '''KEGG entry:''' [http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?bsu:BSU29740] | + | * '''KEGG entry:''' |
| | + | |
| | + | * '''E.C. number:''' |
| | | | |
| | === Additional information=== | | === Additional information=== |
| | + | |
| | + | MurAA is subject to [[ClpC]]-[[ClpP]]-dependent degradation [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/14763982 PubMed] |
| | | | |
| | =Expression and regulation= | | =Expression and regulation= |
| | | | |
| − | * '''Operon:''' ''[[ccpA]] [[motP]] [[motS]]'' [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/16547058 PubMed] | + | * '''Operon:''' |
| | | | |
| | * '''Sigma factor:''' | | * '''Sigma factor:''' |
| | | | |
| − | * '''Regulation:''' constitutively expressed [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/18757537 PubMed] | + | * '''Regulation:''' |
| | + | |
| | + | * '''Regulatory mechanism:''' |
| | | | |
| − | * '''Additional information:''' there are about 3.000 molecules of CcpA per cell [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/8000527 PubMed] | + | * '''Additional information:''' |
| | | | |
| | =Biological materials = | | =Biological materials = |
| | | | |
| − | * '''Mutant:''' QB5407 (spc), GP302 (erm), GP300 (an in frame deletion of ccpA), available in [[Stülke]] lab | + | * '''Mutant:''' |
| | | | |
| − | * '''Expression vector:''' pGP643 (in [[pGP380]], for SPINE, expression in Bacillus subtilis) | + | * '''Expression vector:''' |
| − |
| + | |
| | * '''lacZ fusion:''' | | * '''lacZ fusion:''' |
| | | | |
| | * '''GFP fusion:''' | | * '''GFP fusion:''' |
| | | | |
| − | * '''Antibody:''' available in [[Hillen]] and [[Stülke]] labs | + | * '''two-hybrid system:''' |
| | + | |
| | + | * '''Antibody:''' |
| | | | |
| | =Labs working on this gene/protein= | | =Labs working on this gene/protein= |
| − |
| |
| − | [[Wolfgang Hillen]], Erlangen University, Germany [http://www.biologie.uni-erlangen.de/mibi/index2.html Homepage]
| |
| − |
| |
| − | [[Richard Brennan]], Houston, Texas, USA [http://www.mdanderson.org/departments/biochem/display.cfm?id=556ef368-6c81-4043-b74f350d41dd06cb&method=displayfull&pn=a8427ebd-d0ff-11d4-80fd00508b603a14 Homepage]
| |
| − |
| |
| − | [[Milton H. Saier]], University of California at San Diego, USA [http://biology.ucsd.edu/faculty/saier.html Homepage]
| |
| − |
| |
| − | [[Yasutaro Fujita]], University of Fukuyama, Japan
| |
| − |
| |
| − | [[Stülke|Jörg Stülke]], University of Göttingen, Germany [http://wwwuser.gwdg.de/~genmibio/stuelke.html Homepage]
| |
| | | | |
| | =Your additional remarks= | | =Your additional remarks= |
| Line 134: |
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| | =References= | | =References= |
| | | | |
| − | '''Reviews'''
| + | # Kock H, Gerth U, Hecker M. (2004) MurAA, catalysing the first committed step in peptidoglycan biosynthesis, is a target of Clp-dependent proteolysis in Bacillus subtilis. Mol Microbiol, 51:1087-1102. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/14763982 PubMed] |
| − | | + | # Author1, Author2 & Author3 (year) Title ''Journal'' '''volume:''' page-page. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/PMID PubMed] |
| − | # Henkin, T. M. (1996) The role of the CcpA transcriptional regulator in carbon metabolism in Bacillus subtilis. FEMS Microbiol Lett 135: 9-15. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/8598282 PubMed]
| |
| − | # Warner, J. B. & Lolkema, J. S. CcpA-dependent carbon catabolite repression in bacteria. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 67, 475-490 (2003). [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/14665673 PubMed]
| |
| − | | |
| − | '''General and physiological studies'''
| |
| − | | |
| − | # Henkin, T. M., Grundy, F. J., Nicholson, W. L. and Chambliss, G. H. (1991) Catabolite repression of -amylase gene expression in Bacillus subtilis involves a trans-acting gene product homologous to the Escherichia coli lacI and galR repressors. Mol. Microbiol. 5, 575-584. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/1904524 PubMed]
| |
| − | # Faires, N., Tobisch, S., Bachem, S., Martin-Verstraete, I., Hecker, M., & Stülke, J. (1999) The catabolite control protein CcpA controls ammonium assimilation in Bacillus subtilis. J. Mol. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 1: 141-148. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/10941796 PubMed]
| |
| − | # Ludwig, H., Rebhan, N., Blencke, H.-M., Merzbacher, M. & Stülke, J. (2002) Control of the glycolytic gapA operon by the catabolite control protein A in Bacillus subtilis: a novel mechanism of CcpA-mediated regulation. Mol. Microbiol. 45: 543-553. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/12123463 PubMed]
| |
| − | # Miwa, Y., M. Saikawa, and Y. Fujita. 1994. Possible function and some properties of the CcpA protein of Bacillus subtilis. Microbiology 140:2567-2575. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/8000527 PubMed]
| |
| − | # Singh, K. D., Schmalisch, M. H., Stülke, J. & Görke, B. (2008) Carbon catabolite repression in Bacillus subtilis: A quantitative analysis of repression exerted by different carbon sources. J. Bacteriol. 190: 7275-7284. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/18757537 PubMed]
| |
| − | # Terahara et al. (2006) An intergenic stem-loop mutation in the Bacillus subtilis ccpA-motPS operon increases motPS transcription and the MotPS contribution to motility ''J Bacteriol.'' '''188:''' 2701-2705. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/16547058 PubMed]
| |
| − | # Wacker, I., Ludwig, H., Reif, I., Blencke, H.-M., Detsch, C. & Stülke, J. (2003) The regulatory link between carbon and nitrogen metabolism in Bacillus subtilis: regulation of the gltAB operon by the catabolite control protein CcpA. Microbiology 149: 3001-3009. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/14523131 PubMed]
| |
| − | | |
| − | '''Global analyses (proteome, transcriptome)'''
| |
| − | | |
| − | # Blencke, H.-M., Homuth, G., Ludwig, H., Mäder, U., Hecker, M. & Stülke, J. (2003) Transcriptional profiling of gene expression in response to glucose in Bacillus subtilis: regulation of the central metabolic pathways. Metab. Engn. 5: 133-149. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/12850135 PubMed] | |
| − | # Moreno MS, Schneider BL, Maile RR, Weyler W, Saier Jr MH: Catabolite repression mediated by CcpA protein in Bacillus subtilis: novel modes of regulation revealed by whole-genome analysis. Mol Microbiol 2001, 39:1366-1381. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/11251851 PubMed]
| |
| − | # Tobisch, S., Zühlke, D., Bernhardt, J., Stülke, J. & Hecker, M. (1999) Role of CcpA in regulation of the central pathways of carbon catabolism in Bacillus subtilis. J. Bacteriol. 181: 6996-7004. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/10559165 PubMed]
| |
| − | # Yoshida, K.-I., Kobayashi, K., Miwa, Y., Kang, C.-M., Matsunaga, M., Yamaguchi, H., Tojo, S., Yamamoto, M., Nishi, R., Ogasawara, N., Nakayama, T. & Fujita, Y. (2001). Combined transcriptome and proteome analysis as a powerful approach to study genes under glucose repression in Bacillus subtilis. Nucl Acids Res 29, 6683-6692. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/11160890 PubMed]
| |
| − | # Lulko, A. T., G. Buist, J. Kok, and O. P. Kuipers. 2007. Transcriptome analysis of temporal regulation of carbon metabolism by CcpA in ''Bacillus subtilis'' reveals additional target genes. J. Mol. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 12:82-95. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/17183215 PubMed]
| |
| − | | |
| − | '''Repression of target genes by CcpA'''
| |
| − | | |
| − | # Belitsky BR, Sonenshein, AL: CcpA-dependent regulation of Bacillus subtilis glutamate dehydrogenase gene expression. J Bacteriol 2004, 186:3392-3398. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/15150224 PubMed]
| |
| − | # Choi SK, Saier MH Jr: Regulation of sigL expression by the catabolite control protein CcpA involves a roadblock mechanism in Bacillus subtilis: potential connection between carbon and nitrogen metabolism. J Bacteriol 2005, 187:6856-6861. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/16166551 PubMed]
| |
| − | # Darbon, E., Servant, P., Poncet, S., and Deutscher, J. (2002). Antitermination by GlpP, catabolite repression via CcpA and inducer exclusion triggered by P~GlpK dephosphorylation control Bacillus subtilis glpFK expression. Mol. Microbiol. 43, 1039-1052. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/11929549 PubMed]
| |
| − | # Grundy, F. J., Turinski, A. J., and Henkin, T. M. (1994). Catabolite regulation of Bacillus subtilis acetate and acetoin utilization genes by CcpA. J. Bacteriol. 176, 4527-4533. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/7913927 PubMed]
| |
| − | # Inacio, J. M. & de Sá-Nogueira, I. trans-Acting factors and cis-elements involved in glucose repression of arabinan degradation in Bacillus subtilis. J. Bacteriol. 189, 8371-8376 (2007). [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/17827291 PubMed] | |
| − | # Kim HJ, Jourlin-Castelli C, Kim SI, Sonenshein AL (2002) Regulation of the Bacillus subtilis ccpC gene by CcpA and CcpC. Mol Microbiol 43:399-410 [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/11985717 PubMed]
| |
| − | # Kim HJ, Roux A, Sonenshein AL (2002) Direct and indirect roles of CcpA in regulation of Bacillus subtilis Krebs cycle genes. Mol Microbiol 45:179-190 [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/12100558 PubMed]
| |
| − | # Martin-Verstraete, I., Stülke, J., Klier, A. & Rapoport, G. (1995) Two different mechanisms mediate catabolite repression of the Bacillus subtilis levanase operon. J. Bacteriol. 177: 6919-6927. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/7592486 PubMed]
| |
| − | | |
| − | '''Positive regulation of gene expression by CcpA''' | |
| − | | |
| − | # Grundy FJ, Waters DA, Allen SH, Henkin TM (1993) Regulation of the Bacillus subtilis acetate kinase gene by CcpA. J Bacteriol 175:7348-7355 [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/8226682 PubMed]
| |
| − | # Ludwig, H., Meinken, C., Matin, A. & Stülke, J. (2002) Insufficient expression of the ilv-leu operon encoding enzymes of branched-chain amino acids biosynthesis limits growth of a Bacillus subtilis ccpA mutant. J. Bacteriol. 184: 5174-5178. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/12193635 PubMed]
| |
| − | # Presecan-Siedel, E., Galinier, A., Longin, R., Deutscher, J., Danchin, A., Glaser, P. and Martin-Verstraete, I. (1999) The catabolite regulation of the pta gene as part of carbon flow pathways in Bacillus subtilis. J. Bacteriol. 181, 6889-6897. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/10559153 PubMed]
| |
| − | # Shivers, R. P., and Sonenshein, A. L. (2005) Bacillus subtilis ilvB operon: an intersection of global regulons. Mol Microbiol 56: 1549-1559. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/15916605 PubMed]
| |
| − | # Turinsky, A. J., Grundy, F. J., Kim, J. H., Chambliss, G. H., and Henkin, T. M. 1998. Transcriptional activation of the Bacillus subtilis ackA gene requires sequences upstream of the promoter. J. Bacteriol. 180: 5961-5967. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/9811655 PubMed]
| |
| − | # Turinsky, A. J., Moir-Blais, T. R., Grundy, F. J., and Henkin, T. M. 2000. Bacillus subtilis ccpA gene mutants specifically defective in activation of acetoin synthesis. J. Bacteriol. 182:5611-5614. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/10986270 PubMed]
| |
| − | | |
| − | '''Control of CcpA activity'''
| |
| − | | |
| − | # Deutscher, J., Küster, E., Bergstedt, U., Charrier, V., and Hillen, W. 1995. Protein kinase-dependent HPr/CcpA interaction links glycolytic activity to carbon catabolite repression in Gram-positive bacteria. Mol. Microbiol. 15: 1049-1053. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/7623661 PubMed]
| |
| − | # Galinier A, Deutscher J, Martin-Verstraete I: Phosphorylation of either Crh or HPr mediates binding of CcpA to the Bacillus subtilis xyn cre and catabolite repression of the xyn operon. J Mol Biol 1999, 286:307-314. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/9973552 PubMed]
| |
| − | # Jones, B. E., Dossonnet, V., Küster, E., Hillen, W., Deutscher, J. & Klevit, R. E. (1997). Binding of the catabolite repressor protein CcpA to its DNA target is regulated by phosphorylation of its corepressor HPr. J Biol Chem 272, 26530-26535. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/9334231 PubMed]
| |
| − | # Aung-Hilbrich LM, Seidel G, Wagner A, Hillen W (2002) Quantification of the influence of HPrSer46P on CcpA-cre interaction. J Mol Biol 319:77-85. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/12051938 PubMed]
| |
| − | # Kim JH, Voskuil MI, Chambliss GH (1998) NADP, corepressor for the ''Bacillus subtilis'' catabolite control protein CcpA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:9590-9595. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/9689125 PubMed]
| |
| − | | |
| − | '''CcpA-DNA interaction'''
| |
| − | | |
| − | # Fujita, Y., Miwa, Y., Galinier, A. and Deutscher, J. (1995) Specific recognition of the ''Bacillus subtilis gnt cis''-acting catabolite-responsive element by a protein complex formed between CcpA and seryl-phosphorylated HPr. Mol. Microbiol. 17, 953-960. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/8596444 PubMed]
| |
| − | # Miwa, Y., Nakata, A., Ogiwara, A., Yamamota, M., and Fujita, Y. 2000. Evaluation and characterization of catabolite-responsive elements (cre) of ''Bacillus subtilis''. Nucl. Acids Res. 28: 1206-1210. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/10666464 PubMed]
| |
| − | # Seidel G, Diel M, Fuchsbauer N, Hillen W: Quantitative interdependence of coeffectors, CcpA and cre in carbon catabolite regulation of ''Bacillus subtilis''. FEBS J 2005, 272:2566-2577. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/15885105 PubMed]
| |
| − | # Kim JH, Guvener ZT, Cho JY, Chung KC, Chambliss GH (1995) Specificity of DNA binding activity of the ''Bacillus subtilis'' catabolite control protein CcpA. J Bacteriol 177: 5129-5134. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/7665492 PubMed]
| |
| − | # Kim JH, Chambliss GH (1997) Contacts between ''Bacillus subtilis'' catabolite regulatory protein CcpA and ''amyO'' target site. Nucl Acids Res 25: 3490-3496. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/9254709 PubMed]
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | '''Functional analysis of CcpA'''
| |
| − | | |
| − | # Küster, E., Hilbich, T., Dahl, M. and Hillen, W. (1999) Mutations in catabolite control protein CcpA separating growth effects from catabolite repression. J. Bacteriol. 181, 4125-4128. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/10383986 PubMed]
| |
| − | # Küster-Schöck, E., Wagner, A., Völker, U., and Hillen, W. (1999) Mutations in catabolite control protein CcpA showing glucose-independent regulation in ''Bacillus megaterium''. J Bacteriol 181: 7634-7638. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/10601226 PubMed]
| |
| − | # Ludwig, H. & Stülke, J. (2001) The Bacillus subtilis catabolite control protein CcpA exerts all its regulatory functions by DNA binding. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 203: 125-129. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/11557150 PubMed]
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| − | # Kraus A, Hillen W. 1997. Analysis of ccpA mutations defective in carbon catabolite repression in Bacillus megaterium. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 153:221-226. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/9252590 PubMed]
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| − | # Kraus A, Küster E, Wagner A, Hoffmann K, Hillen W. 1998. Identification of a corepressor binding site in catabolite control protein CcpA. Mol. Microbiol. 30:955-963. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/9988473 PubMed]
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| − | '''Structural analyses'''
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| − | # Schumacher, M. A. et al. Structural basis for allosteric control of the transcription regulator CcpA by the phosphoprotein HPr-Ser46-P. Cell 118, 731-741 (2004). [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/15369672 PubMed]
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| − | # Schumacher, M. A., Seidel, G., Hillen, W. & Brennan, R. G. Phosphoprotein Crh-Ser46-P displays altered binding to CcpA to effect carbon catabolite regulation. J. Biol. Chem. 281, 6793-6800 (2006). [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/16316990 PubMed]
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| − | # Schumacher, M. A., Seidel, G., Hillen, W. & Brennan, R. G. Structural mechanism for the fine-tuning of CcpA function by the small molecule effectors glucose 6-phosphate and fructose 1,6-bisphosphate. J. Mol. Biol. 368, 1042-1050 (2007). [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/17376479 PubMed]
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