Glutamate metabolism

Proteins involved in glutamate metabolism

Transport systems

• Ammonium uptake: AmtB
• Glutamine uptake: GlnT, GlnQ-(GlnM-GlnP)-GlnH
• Glutamate uptake: GltT

Metabolic enzymes

• Glutamine synthetase: GlnA
• Glutamate synthase: GltA, GltB
• Glutamate dehydrogenases: GudB, RocG

Regulators

• Key transcriptional regulators of nitrogen metabolism: GlnR, GltC, TnrA
• Additional transcriptional regulators: AhrC, RocR, CcpA, Fur
• Control of ammonium uptake: GlnK

Relevant SubtiWiki pages

• Biosynthesis/ acquisition of amino acids
• Utilization of amino acids
• TnrA regulon
• GlnR regulon
• GltC regulon
• Trigger enzymes

Additional websites

• transcriptome analysis of a rocG gudB mutant vs. wild type

Labs studying glutamate metabolism

• Fabian Commichau, Göttingen, Germany
• Susan Fisher, Boston
• Linc Sonenshein, Boston
• Jörg Stülke, Göttingen

Important publications

Reviews

Katrin Gunka, Fabian M Commichau
Control of glutamate homeostasis in Bacillus subtilis: a complex interplay between ammonium assimilation, glutamate biosynthesis and degradation.
Mol Microbiol: 2012, 85(2);213-24
[PubMed:22625175] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Fabian M Commichau, Jörg Stülke
Trigger enzymes: bifunctional proteins active in metabolism and in controlling gene expression.
Mol Microbiol: 2008, 67(4);692-702
[PubMed:18086213] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Abraham L Sonenshein
Control of key metabolic intersections in Bacillus subtilis.
Nat Rev Microbiol: 2007, 5(12);917-27
[PubMed:17982469] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Fabian M Commichau, Karl Forchhammer, Jörg Stülke
Regulatory links between carbon and nitrogen metabolism.
Curr Opin Microbiol: 2006, 9(2);167-72
[PubMed:16458044] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

S H Fisher
Regulation of nitrogen metabolism in Bacillus subtilis: vive la différence!
Mol Microbiol: 1999, 32(2);223-32
[PubMed:10231480] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Important original publications

Anne Krog, Tonje Marita Bjerkan Heggeset, Trond Erling Ellingsen, Trygve Brautaset
Functional characterization of key enzymes involved in L-glutamate synthesis and degradation in the thermotolerant and methylotrophic bacterium Bacillus methanolicus.
Appl Environ Microbiol: 2013, 79(17);5321-8
[PubMed:23811508] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)