CcpA

• Description: Carbon catabolite control protein A, involved in glucose regulation of many genes; represses catabolic genes and activates genes involved in excretion of excess carbon
  
  

Gene name	ccpA
Synonyms	graR, alsA, amyR
Essential	no
Product	transcriptional regulator (LacI family)
Function	mediates carbon catabolite repression (CCR)
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: ccpA
Interactions involving this protein in SubtInteract: CcpA
Metabolic function and regulation of this protein in SubtiPathways: Nucleoside catabolism, Nucleotides (regulation), Ile, Leu, Val, His, Coenzyme A, Central C-metabolism
MW, pI	36,8 kDa, 5.06
Gene length, protein length	1002 bp, 334 amino acids
Immediate neighbours	motP, aroA
Sequences	Protein DNA Advanced_DNA
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed

Categories containing this gene/protein

• transcription factors and their control,

regulators of core metabolism

• see also: glutamate metabolism

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU29740

Phenotypes of a mutant

Loss of carbon catabolite repression. Loss of PTS-dependent sugar transport due to excessive phosphorylation of HPr by HprK. The mutant is unable to grow on a minimal medium with glucose and ammonium as the only sources of carbon and nitrogen, respectively.

Database entries

• DBTBS entry: [1]

• SubtiList entry: [2]

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity: transcriptional regulator of carbon catabolite repression (CCR)

• Protein family: LacI family

• Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:
  • HTH LacI-type Domain (1 – 58)
  • DNA binding Domain (6 – 25)

• Modification:

• Cofactor(s): HPr-Ser46-P, Crh-Ser-46-P

• Effectors of protein activity:glucose-6-phosphate, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate Pubmed

• Interactions:
  • CcpA-HPr PubMed
  • CcpA-Crh PubMed
  • CcpA-RpoA PubMed
  • CcpA-CodY PubMed

• Localization:

Database entries

• Structure:
  • 2JCG (Apoprotein from Bacillus megaterium)
  • CcpA-Crh-DNA-complex NCBI
  • complex with P-Ser-HPr and sulphate ions NCBI
  • 3OQM (complex of B. subtilis CcpA with P-Ser-HPr and the ackA operator site)
  • 3OQN (complex of B. subtilis CcpA with P-Ser-HPr and the gntR operator site)
  • 3OQO (complex of B. subtilis CcpA with P-Ser-HPr and a optimal synthetic operator site)

• UniProt: P25144

• KEGG entry: [3]

Expression and regulation

• Operon: ccpA-motP-motS PubMed

• Expression browser: ccpA PubMed

• Sigma factor:

• Regulation: constitutively expressed PubMed

• Additional information: there are about 3.000 molecules of CcpA per cell PubMed, this corresponds to a concentration of 3 myM (according to PubMed)

Biological materials

• Mutant:
  • QB5407 (spc), available in Jörg Stülke's lab
  • GP302 (erm), available in Jörg Stülke's lab
  • GP300 (an in frame deletion of ccpA), available in Jörg Stülke's lab
  • WH649 (aphA3), available in Gerald Seidel's lab

• Expression vector:
  • pGP643 (N-terminal Strep-tag, purification from B. subtilis, for SPINE, in pGP380), available in Jörg Stülke's lab
  • pWH940 (C-terminal Strep-tag, purification from B. subtilis, for SPINE, in pGP382), available in Gerald Seidel's lab

• Strep-tag construct: GP1303 ccpA-Strep (spc) in native locus, based on (pGP1389), available in Jörg Stülke's lab

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• Antibody: available in Gerald Seidel's and in Jörg Stülke's lab

Labs working on this gene/protein

• Gerald Seidel, Erlangen University, Germany Homepage
• Richard Brennan, Houston, Texas, USA Homepage
• Milton H. Saier, University of California at San Diego, USA Homepage
• Yasutaro Fujita, University of Fukuyama, Japan
• Jörg Stülke, University of Göttingen, Germany Homepage
• Oscar Kuipers, University of Groningen, The Netherlands Homepage

References

Reviews

Sabine Brantl, Andreas Licht
Characterisation of Bacillus subtilis transcriptional regulators involved in metabolic processes.
Curr Protein Pept Sci: 2010, 11(4);274-91
[PubMed:20408793] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Yasutaro Fujita
Carbon catabolite control of the metabolic network in Bacillus subtilis.
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem: 2009, 73(2);245-59
[PubMed:19202299] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Boris Görke, Jörg Stülke
Carbon catabolite repression in bacteria: many ways to make the most out of nutrients.
Nat Rev Microbiol: 2008, 6(8);613-24
[PubMed:18628769] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Josef Deutscher
The mechanisms of carbon catabolite repression in bacteria.
Curr Opin Microbiol: 2008, 11(2);87-93
[PubMed:18359269] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Jessica B Warner, Juke S Lolkema
CcpA-dependent carbon catabolite repression in bacteria.
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev: 2003, 67(4);475-90
[PubMed:14665673] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

T M Henkin
The role of CcpA transcriptional regulator in carbon metabolism in Bacillus subtilis.
FEMS Microbiol Lett: 1996, 135(1);9-15
[PubMed:8598282] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

General and physiological studies

Additional publications: PubMed

Global analyses (proteome, transcriptome, ChIP-chip)

Additional publications: PubMed

Repression of target genes by CcpA

Additional publications: PubMed