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gapA

glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, NAD-dependent, glycolytic enzyme, forms a transhydrogenation cycle with [protein|C1B89BD3DD27CD566018558D3A7845FB451056F0|GapB] for balancing of NADPH

locus

BSU_33940

5.03

35.68 kDa

protein length

335 aa Sequence Blast

gene length

1008 bp Sequence Blast

function

catabolic enzyme in glycolysis

product

glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase

essential

Yes

1.2.1.12

synonyms

Outlinks

KEGG BsubCyc SubtiList UniProt Expression Browser

Genomic Context

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categories

[category|SW 2|Metabolism] → [category|SW 2.2|Carbon metabolism] → [category|SW 2.2.1|Carbon core metabolism] → [category|SW 2.2.1.1|Glycolysis]

[category|SW 6|Groups of genes] → [category|SW 6.1|Essential genes]

[category|SW 6|Groups of genes] → [category|SW 6.4|Phosphoproteins] → [category|SW 6.4.1|Phosphorylation on an Arg residue]

[category|SW 6|Groups of genes] → [category|SW 6.4|Phosphoproteins] → [category|SW 6.4.8|Phosphorylation on either a Ser, Thr or Tyr residue]

Gene

Coordinates

3,481,698 → 3,482,705

Phenotypes of a mutant

Essential [Pubmed|17114254]

The protein

Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + NAD⁺ + phosphate --> 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate + H⁺ + NADH (according to UniProt)

This reaction is part of the glycolysis.

Protein family

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family (with [protein|C1B89BD3DD27CD566018558D3A7845FB451056F0|GapB], according to UniProt)

Paralogous protein(s)

[protein|C1B89BD3DD27CD566018558D3A7845FB451056F0|GapB]

Kinetic information

Michaelis-Menten [Pubmed|10799476]

Modification

phosphorylated on Arg-199 [Pubmed|31221751,22517742]

Phosphorylation on (Ser-148 OR Ser-151 OR Thr-153 OR Thr-154) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/17218307 PubMed1], [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17726680 PubMed2]

Reversible thiol modifications after exposure to toxic quinones [Pubmed|18673455]

Cys152-Cys156 form intramolecular disulfide in response to disulfide stress (diamide, NaOCl-stress) [Pubmed|21749987]

[SW|Cofactors]

NAD⁺ (does not accept NADP⁺) [Pubmed|10799476]

Structure

[PDB|1GD1] (from ''Geobacillus stearothermophilus'') [pubmed|3586018]

[PDB|1NQO] (from ''Geobacillus stearothermophilus'', mutant with cys 149 replaced by ser, complex with NAD and D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate) [pubmed|12569100]

[SW|Localization]

cytoplasm (Homogeneous) [Pubmed|16479537] [Pubmed|14600241]

loosely membrane associated [Pubmed|18763711]

Additional information

GAP dehydrogenases from different sources (incl. ''Geobacillus stearothermophilus'') were shown to cleave RNA ([Pubmed|12359717])

Moreover, mutations in ''gapA'' from ''B. subtilis'' can suppress mutations in genes involved in DNA replication ([Pubmed|17505547]).

extensive information on the structure and enzymatic properties of GapA can be found at [http://www.proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate_Dehydrogenase Proteopedia]

belongs to the 100 [SW|most abundant proteins] [PubMed|15378759]

the protein is stable under both glycolytic and gluconeogenic conditions [pubmed|28760849]

Expression and Regulation

Operons

genes

description

[Pubmed|11489127]

sigma factors

regulatory mechanism

regulation

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genes

[gene|ADA6F2EDC7B18FDFFA47CC8C55BCDDE1B6821160|cggR]-[gene|EB6512177418B1601C6641FB2DEE99C2CD10E671|gapA]

description

[Pubmed|11489127]

sigma factors

regulatory mechanism

regulation

expression induced by glucose (10 fold) ([protein|ADA6F2EDC7B18FDFFA47CC8C55BCDDE1B6821160|CggR]) [Pubmed|12850135,12622823]

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Biological materials

Mutant

GP592 (''gapA''::''cat''), available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab, [Pubmed|23420519]

GP597 (''gapA''::''erm''), available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab, [Pubmed|23420519]

GP703 (''gapA''::''cat'' ''[gene|C1B89BD3DD27CD566018558D3A7845FB451056F0|gapB]''::''spec''), available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab, [Pubmed|23420519]

GM1501 (under p(spac) control), available in [SW|Stephane Aymerich]'s lab

1A1003 ( ''gapA''::''erm''), available at [http://pasture.asc.ohio-state.edu/BGSC/getdetail.cfm?bgscid=1A1003&Search=1A1003 BGSC]

Expression vectors

pGP1424 (expression in ''B. subtilis'', in [SW|pBQ200]) (available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab)

pGP90 (N-terminal Strep-tag, for [SW|SPINE], purification from ''B. subtilis'', in [SW|pGP380]) (available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab) [pubmed|19193632]

pGP704 (N-terminal His-tag, in [SW|pWH844]) (available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab) [pubmed|12634343]

lacZ fusion

pGP506 (in [SW|pAC7]), pGP512 (in [SW|pAC6]) (available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab)

two-hybrid system

''B. pertussis'' adenylate cyclase-based bacterial two hybrid system ([SW|BACTH]), available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab, [pubmed|19193632]

Antibody

available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab [pubmed|12634343]

labs

[SW|Stephane Aymerich], Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, INRA Paris-Grignon, France

[SW|Jörg Stülke], University of Göttingen, Germany

[http://wwwuser.gwdg.de/~genmibio/stuelke.html homepage]

References

Reviews

11163353,27750368,28271485

Original publications

22517742,23420519,22740702,23034808,21815947,21749987,12850135,19193632,18673455,20444087,17726680,16479537,12622823,12359717,10799476,17505547,11489127,12123463,17218307,12634343,17142398,17114254,10559165,15378759,27449348,28760849,28818119,3586018,12569100,29794222,31221751