enolase, glycolytic/ gluconeogenic enzyme, universally conserved protein
function
enzyme in glycolysis/ gluconeogenesis
Genomic Context
categories
[category|SW 2|Metabolism] → [category|SW 2.2|Carbon metabolism] → [category|SW 2.2.1|Carbon core metabolism] → [category|SW 2.2.1.1|Glycolysis][category|SW 2|Metabolism] → [category|SW 2.2|Carbon metabolism] → [category|SW 2.2.1|Carbon core metabolism] → [category|SW 2.2.1.2|Gluconeogenesis][category|SW 3|Information processing] → [category|SW 3.2|RNA synthesis and degradation] → [category|SW 3.2.4|RNases] → [category|SW 3.2.4.5|Effectors of RNA degradation][category|SW 6|Groups of genes] → [category|SW 6.1|Essential genes][category|SW 6|Groups of genes] → [category|SW 6.2|Membrane proteins][category|SW 6|Groups of genes] → [category|SW 6.4|Phosphoproteins] → [category|SW 6.4.5|Phosphorylation on a Ser residue][category|SW 6|Groups of genes] → [category|SW 6.4|Phosphoproteins] → [category|SW 6.4.6|Phosphorylation on a Thr residue][category|SW 6|Groups of genes] → [category|SW 6.4|Phosphoproteins] → [category|SW 6.4.7|Phosphorylation on a Tyr residue][category|SW 6|Groups of genes] → [category|SW 6.5|Universally conserved proteins][SW|Categories] containing this gene/protein
[SW|carbon core metabolism], [SW|essential genes], [SW|membrane proteins], [SW|phosphoproteins], [SW|universally conserved proteins], [SW|most abundant proteins]This gene is a member of the following [SW|regulons]
[SW|CggR regulon]Gene
Coordinates on the chromosome (coding sequence)
3,476,555 -> 3,477,847
Phenotypes of a mutant
no growth on LB, requires glucose and malate [Pubmed|23420519]essential according to Kobayashi et al. on LB [Pubmed|12682299]The protein
Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity
2-phospho-D-glycerate = phosphoenolpyruvate H2O (according to Swiss-Prot) 2-phospho-D-glycerate = phosphoenolpyruvate H(2)OProtein family
enolase family (according to Swiss-Prot)Kinetic information
reversible Michaelis-Menten [Pubmed|25885][SW|Domains]
substrate binding domain (366–369)Modification
phosphorylation on Thr-141 AND Ser-259 AND Tyr-281 AND Ser-325 [Pubmed|17218307,16493705,17726680][SW|Cofactors]
Mg2Effectors of protein activity
Inhibited by EDTA [Pubmed|25885]Structure
[PDB|4A3R] [Pubmed|22198292][PDB|1W6T] (from ''Streptococcus pneumoniae'') [Pubmed|15476816][SW|Localization]
cytoplasm [Pubmed|16479537]membrane associated [Pubmed|18763711]exported, this requires a long, unbent α-helix (from A108 to L126) [Pubmed|15003462,21856851][SW|Interactions]
forms octamers [Pubmed|22198292]part of the [SW|RNA degradosome] [Pubmed|19193632][protein|search|Eno]-[protein|search|PfkA] [Pubmed|19193632], K(D) of the interaction: 40 nM [Pubmed|22198292][protein|search|Eno]-[protein|search|Rny] [Pubmed|19193632,21803996], K(D) of the interaction: 100 nM [Pubmed|22198292][protein|search|Eno]-[protein|search|CshA] [Pubmed|20572937]Additional information
Enolase is a [SW|moonlighting protein]. [Pubmed|19193632]There are indications that this enzyme is an octamer [Pubmed|25885][SW|universally conserved protein]extensive information on the structure and enzymatic properties of Eno can be found at [http://www.proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Enolase Proteopedia]Expression and Regulation
Operon
''[protein|search|cggR]-[protein|search|gapA]-[protein|search|pgk]-[protein|search|tpiA]-[protein|search|pgm]-[protein|search|eno]'' [Pubmed|11489127]''[protein|search|pgk]-[protein|search|tpiA]-[protein|search|pgm]-[protein|search|eno]'' [Pubmed|11489127][SW|Sigma factor]
[protein|search|SigA] [Pubmed|11489127]Regulation
expression activated by glucose (3.3 fold) [Pubmed|12850135]''[protein|search|cggR]'': induced by glycolytic substrates [protein|search|CggR] [Pubmed|11489127]''[protein|search|pgk]'': constitutive [Pubmed|11489127]Regulatory mechanism
transcription repression by [protein|search|CggR] [Pubmed|11489127]Additional information
belongs to the 100 [SW|most abundant proteins] [PubMed|15378759]Biological materials
Mutant
GP594 (''eno''::''cat''), available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab, [Pubmed|23420519]GP599 (''eno''::''erm''), available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab, [Pubmed|23420519]GP698 (''eno''-''[protein|search|pgm]''::''cat''), available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab, [Pubmed|23420519]Expression vector
pGP1426 (expression of ''[protein|search|eno]'' in ''B. subtilis'', in [SW|pBQ200]), available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s labpGP1500 (expression of ''[protein|search|pgm]'' and ''[protein|search|eno]'' in ''B. subtilis'', in [SW|pBQ200]), available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s labpGP563 (N-terminal His-tag, purification from ''E. coli'', in [SW|pWH844]), available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s labpGP1276 (N-terminal Strep-tag, purification from ''E. coli'', in [SW|pGP172]), available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s labpGP93 (N-terminal Strep-tag, purification from ''B. subtilis'', for [SW|SPINE], in [SW|pGP380]), available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s labGP1215 (chromosomal ''eno''-''Strep'' fusion, ''spc''), purification from ''B. subtilis'', for [SW|SPINE], available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lablacZ fusion
see ''[protein|search|pgk]GFP fusion
pHT315-yfp-eno, available in [SW|Mijakovic] labtwo-hybrid system
''B. pertussis'' adenylate cyclase-based bacterial two hybrid system ([SW|BACTH]), available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s labFLAG-tag construct
GP1214 (spc, based on [SW|pGP1331]), available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s labAntibody
available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s labLabs working on this gene/protein
[SW|Jörg Stülke], University of Göttingen, Germany[http://wwwuser.gwdg.de/~genmibio/stuelke.html Homepage]References
Reviews
Subcellular localization of enolase
16479537,18763711,20497499,15003462,21856851,24642254 Other original publications
23420519,17726680,17218307,12850135,19193632,11489127,8021172,17505547,25885,20572937,15476816,9988532,21803996,22198292,15378759 
