2-isopropylmalate synthase
function
biosynthesis of leucine
product
2-isopropylmalate synthase
Genomic Context
categories
[category|SW 2|Metabolism] → [category|SW 2.3|Amino acid/ nitrogen metabolism] → [category|SW 2.3.1|Biosynthesis/ acquisition of amino acids] → [category|SW 2.3.1.12|Biosynthesis/ acquisition of branched-chain amino acids][category|SW 6|Groups of genes] → [category|SW 6.2|Membrane proteins][SW|Categories] containing this gene/protein
[SW|biosynthesis/ acquisition of amino acids], [SW|membrane proteins], [SW|most abundant proteins]This gene is a member of the following [SW|regulons]
[SW|CcpA regulon], [SW|CodY regulon], [SW|T-box], [SW|TnrA regulon]Gene
Coordinates on the chromosome (coding sequence)
2,892,138 -> 2,893,694
The protein
Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity
Acetyl-CoA 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate H2O = (2S)-2-isopropylmalate CoA (according to Swiss-Prot) Protein family
LeuA type 1 subfamily (according to Swiss-Prot)Structure
[PDB|3EEG] (from ''Cytophaga hutchinsonii atcc 33406'', 53% identity, 68% similarity)[SW|Localization]
cytoplasm (according to Swiss-Prot), membrane [Pubmed|18763711]Additional information
:subject to Clp-dependent proteolysis upon glucose starvation [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17981983 PubMed] Expression and Regulation
Operon
''[protein|search|ilvB]-[protein|search|ilvH]-[protein|search|ilvC]-[protein|search|leuA]-[protein|search|leuB]-[protein|search|leuC]-[protein|search|leuD]'' [Pubmed|1577690][SW|Sigma factor]
[protein|search|SigA] [Pubmed|1577690]Regulation
for a complete overview on the regulation of the ilv operon, see [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20935095 Brinsmade ''et al''.]repressed by casamino acids [Pubmed|12107147]expression is stimulated in the presence of glucose [Pubmed|12193635]repressed in the absence of good nitrogen sources (glutamine or ammonium) ([protein|search|TnrA]) [Pubmed|15547269]repressed during growth in the presence of branched chain amino acids ([protein|search|CodY], [protein|search|T-box]) [Pubmed|12618455]Regulatory mechanism
[protein|search|CodY]: transcription repression [Pubmed|12618455][protein|search|CcpA]: transcription activation [Pubmed|12193635][protein|search|T-box]: tRNA-controlled [SW|RNA switch] that mediates termination/antitermination[protein|search|TnrA]: transcription repression [Pubmed|15547269]Additional information
subject to Clp-dependent proteolysis upon glucose starvation [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17981983 PubMed]An [ncRNA|search|antisense RNA] is predicted for'[protein|search|leuA]' [PubMed|20525796]belongs to the 100 [SW|most abundant proteins] [PubMed|15378759] References
15060025,12193635,19258532,8289305,18641142,20525796,15547269,12618455,12107147,18763711,25157083,20935095,24163341,15378759,25755103,26220295 
